Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Artificial Intelligences Mental Illness †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Can Artificial Intelligences Suffer From Mental Illness? Answer: Introduction The report will discuss in detail about the concept of artificial intelligence and its association with emotions and feelings. The discussion will be discussed in context with different classical theories of ethics. There is constant debate on the concept of artificial intelligence and its connection with different emotions like pain or love or basic level of consciousness. The debate continues to annoy the researchers since the concept is not yet defined formally. An author namely Alan Turing was actually could bypass different kinds of semantics by aiming on how artificial intelligent could perform completely against a human as per the test (Calvo et al, 2016). The current practical reality also says that the advance level financial intelligence and different attached technologies is related on whether it shows a true kind of consciousness or not. This is however associated with a challenge of whether the concept will show human like disability in mind or not. Discussion Understanding the basic nature based on intelligence has constantly questioned an issues in order to clarify philosophical as well as practical distinction between artificial and human intelligence. It is important to understand here that Turing Test as well as interpretation in modern world stays controversial and still it can polarize and complete separates the scientific sectors. In the field of psychiatry and clinical psychology has made some crucial conclusions which are based on recognizing the state of mental illness and also showing the main causes that are more challenging than it may actually seem (Copeland, 2015). Utilitarian theory The concept of utilitarianism is based on normative ethical theory that usually places a lot of attention of right as well as wrong consequences by selecting one policy over varied actions. It actually goes way beyond the overall scope of anybody interest and focus on interest of other people. Since the topic discusses a hypothetical situation where the robots can suffer from mental illness as per the human diagnostic lens but there are series of important questions needs to be asked here like the concept of mental illness in robot will be for real or will this be simple mimicking impact. Or will these robots will undergo suffering same as human being and also considering that the AI can be designed as well as programmed to suffer from any kind of cognitive challenge. There are varied actions as per the utilitarian theory and the decision on right and wrong can be very challenging (Ashrafian et al, 2015). The robots did not show any change in the psychology as well as processing based analysis so that while considering the case of any mental illness, they cannot consider suffering from it. Therefore when making a conclusion on the basis of assumption and argument against the Szaszian theory says that we can include the notion that either tests the material change in the ro bots with right diagnoses or robots did have minds and the analysis of material will not be able to measure the underlying mental disorder. Deontological theory The theory of Deontological ethics in philosophy is based on diverse ethical theories that actually place special attention on relationship that exist between the duty as well as the morality of diverse human actions. The theory is based on action that considers morally good actions since same feature of action itself not because the product of the action is not enough. The assumption that the robots are actually suffering from any kind of mental illness, and then all the arguments pitched against theory of Szaszian will consist of the notion that either cannot be evaluated for the change in material or in the robots to right tests any illness or robot will actually have a mind of their own and the analysis of material will not be able to measure the mental disorders (Constantinou et al, 2016). Virtue theory The concept of virtue theory or ethics is based on the concept for ethics that focuses on an individual character since the key components of ethical thinking instead of rules are actually based on actions or the results or consequences. The overall possibility of mental health in robots afloat again the previous concepts of elements based on dualism in mental illness where such disorders are divided as the non-physical kind of elements. As per the Cartesian dualism also shows that such diseases actually present in all the no-physical component of soul, consciousness, and mind that are clearly discussed concepts (Poo et al, 2016). The fact based on dualism also suggests that all the non-physical elements in the brain can actually communicate with the present physical elements. Contract theory The concept of contract theory is just not based on the study of many legally binding contracts. When it is defined broadly, it also studies the overall design of formal as well as informal management which encourage masses with many conflicting choices that needs to be taken on mutual grounds with many beneficial actions (Yampolskiy, 2014). The concept of contract theory also guides people in forming a structure based arrangement that exist between the employees and the company. In short, the contract theory is based on providing each party with right kind of incentives or encouragements to function effectively at one place. In case of any kind of mental illness, disorders are based on many non-physical elements related with brand and it reflects in physical segments. There are some other issues as well like mentally ill patients conscious, sentient along with some measured intelligence. The issue is whether the presence of three features is based on an entity which also means that the concept of mental illness can emerge at any time (Horvitz Mulligan, 2015). The concept remain controversial dividing all the philosophical based zombies in all type of cases for human and an entity with right consciousness must also show the mental disorder that at some level actually exist as a part of disorder when consciousness is there. Conclusion In real world, sentience is actually considered as the part of experiencing any kind of pleasure or pain. It is considered as a proxy for the matter of self awareness and in turn also lead to anticipation for the definition that can still be materialize and views can be challenged continuously. The concept of consciousness remains as a vague concept and seemingly is a part of objective property of intelligence (Gravenhorst et al, 2015). The philosophical vies can also argue that it sometimes become impossible to discuss anything other than being conscious, but from the practical angle, the growth of technologies that shows conscious mind in the kind of artificial intelligence make many strides. If the presence of artificial mind operates to work as per consciousness so they will also have the potential to become vastly dysfunctional while dealing with mental illness. Reference Ashrafian, H., Darzi, A., Athanasiou, T. (2015). A novel modification of the Turing test for artificial intelligence and robotics in healthcare.The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery,11(1), 38-43. Calvo, R. A., Dinakar, K., Picard, R., Maes, P. (2016, May). Computing in mental health. InProceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems(pp. 3438-3445). ACM. Constantinou, A. C., Fenton, N., Marsh, W., Radlinski, L. (2016). From complex questionnaire and interviewing data to intelligent Bayesian network models for medical decision support.Artificial intelligence in medicine,67, 75-93. Copeland, J. (2015).Artificial intelligence: A philosophical introduction. John Wiley Sons. Gravenhorst, F., Muaremi, A., Bardram, J., Grnerbl, A., Mayora, O., Wurzer, G., ... Trster, G. (2015). Mobile phones as medical devices in mental disorder treatment: an overview.Personal and Ubiquitous Computing,19(2), 335-353. Horvitz, E., Mulligan, D. (2015). Data, privacy, and the greater good.Science, management, 253-255. Poo, M. M., Du, J. L., Ip, N. Y., Xiong, Z. Q., Xu, B., Tan, T. (2016). China Brain Project: basic neuroscience, brain diseases, and brain-inspired computing.Neuron,92(3), 591-596. Yampolskiy, R. V. (2014). Utility function security in artificially intelligent agents.Journal of Experimental Theoretical Artificial Intelligence,26(3), 373-389.

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